Pathophysiology of Human Visceral Obesity: An Update

Pathophysiology of human visceral obesity: an update.

Excess intra-abdominal adipose tissue accumulation, often termed visceral obesity, is part of a phenotype including dysfunctional subcutaneous adipose tissue expansion and ectopic triglyceride storage closely related to clustering cardiometabolic risk factors. Hypertriglyceridemia; increased free fatty acid availability; adipose tissue release of proinflammatory cytokines; liver insulin resista...

non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: an update in pathophysiology, diagnosis and therapy

visceral leishmaniasis: an update and literature review

conclusions development of novel drugs and diagnostic tests has allowed us to better manage vl. although leishmaniasis is one of the oldest known parasitic infectious diseases, increasing prevalence of vl among specific populations, recent reports of disease reactivation and flare-up in clinically asymptomatic patients after the onset of immunosuppressive therapy, the risk of disease acquisitio...

Visceral leishmaniasis: an update of laboratory diagnosis

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), is an infection due to obligate intracellular protozoa of the genus Leishmania[1]. Natural transmission of the parasite happens primarilyby way ofthe bite of contaminated female of phlebotome. In the Old World it is represented by the genus Phlebotomous but in the New World it is called Lutzomyia. Another way of transmission may occur among the intravenous drug abus...

The Pathophysiology of Moyamoya Disease: An Update

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a unique cerebrovascular disease characterized by the progressive stenosis of large intracranial arteries and a hazy network of basal collaterals called moyamoya vessels. Because the etiology of MMD is unknown, its diagnosis is based on characteristic angiographic findings. Re-vascularization techniques (e.g., bypass surgery) are used to restore perfusion, and are the ...